Resume - Cronin B. Vining

Resume - Cronin B. Vining cvining Sat, 09/05/2009 - 13:12

RESUME

Cronin Beals Vining
cvining2009@cvining.com
http://cvining.com/

Born: 1957  Baltimore, Maryland USA

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Commentary
About

Professional Experience

Professional Experience cvining Sat, 09/05/2009 - 13:23

Professional Positions

1995-present              President and founder, ZT Services

Information and consulting services to the energy conversion industry.  Clients include Global 500 companies (Honda, Whirlpool), venture capitalists (Carl Berg, Dawson Ventures, Kleiner Perkins Caufield and Byers), thermoelectric manufacturing firms (Marlow, Melcor, Tellurex), federal agencies (Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency, Ames Laboratory USDoE, NASA/Glenn, NASA/JPL, NASA/HQ), and a variety of other clients (BSST, Tecumseh).  ZT Services also provides web and internet services for the International Thermoelectric Society (http://www.its.org/), and a number of commercial clients.

1999-2003               Affiliate Professor of Physics, Auburn University, Auburn, Alabama

Collaborations with Prof. Peter Barnes's group on thermionic and thermoelectric projects, resulting in several papers (written primarily by graduate students).  Served on advisory committees for one Masters and two Ph.D. students.

1995                        Guest Lecturer, Various Universities, Companies and National Laboratories in Japan (January).

1994-2004               Research Advisor, Ames Laboratory USDoE, Ames,  Iowa.

Theoretical and experimental development of new thermoelectric materials.  Emphasis on novel materials systems such as heavy fermions and metals, not traditionally associated with high thermoelectric performance.

1994                        Consultant to Dawson Ventures, Inc., San Jose, California

Evaluation of the technical and business potential of novel, high-risk/high-payoff energy conversion technologies.

1990-1991               Consultant to Marlow Industries, Dallas, Texas

Concepts, approaches and program plans for the development of advanced thermoelectric cooling materials capable of achieving cryogenic temperatures with efficiencies comparable to dynamic cooling technologies.

1987-1994               Member of Technical Staff

Jet Propulsion Laboratory/California Institute of Technology (Caltech), Pasadena, California, Thermal Power Conversion Group

Theoretical and experimental development of thermoelectric materials for advanced space power applications, with special emphasis on theoretical aspects of thermoelectric energy conversion and development of advanced thermoelectric materials.  Task Manager for 4-5 tasks related to silicon-germanium, boron carbide and rare-earth chalcogenide thermoelectric materials, ($500K/year) 1988-89.  Task Manager for advanced thermoelectric materials development, with emphasis on transition-metal silicides, ($200K-$250K/year) 1990-93.  Task Manager for a JPL Technology Affiliates Program sponsored by Marlow Industries to transfer JPL developed thermoelectric technology based on skutterudite thermoelectric materials to Marlow Industries, ($350K/year) 1993-94.  Proposal Manager for a three year program on the basic physics and chemistry of skutterudite thermoelectric materials sponsored by the Office of Naval Research, awarded in 1994 ($250K/year).

1984-1987               Senior Physicist

General Electric Company, Valley Forge Space Center, Thermoelectric Technology Group, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. 

Transport properties of semiconductors for high temperature thermal to electrical energy conversion applications.

Design and implementation of a complete high temperature thermoelectric materials preparation  and characterization facility suitable for research and development of state-of-the-art thermoelectric materials to be used in space nuclear power generation systems.  This facility included induction and resistance melting, vacuum casting, pressure sintering, inert atmosphere handling capabilities as well as thermal diffusivity, thermal conductivity, electrical resistivity, Seebeck coefficient, Hall Effect, Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC), Differential Thermal Analysis (DTA), Thermogravimetric Analysis (TGA) and X‑ray diffraction measurement capabilities, most of which could be performed from 300 to 1300 K.  $750,000 value.

Program manager for internal General Electric R&D programs on thermoelectric materials (1984-$100,000; 1985-$160,000; 1986-$40,000).  Program manager for NASA‑JPL rare-earth chalcogenide development programs at General Electric (1984-1985-$130,000). Program manager for subcontract to Thermo Electron Corporation on SiGe/GaP alloy development (1986‑$100,000).  Project leader and principle investigator for DOE sponsored Improved Thermoelectric Materials Development program, $2,700,000 over 3 years.

Responsible for the daily direction of one Ph.D., two engineers and three technicians.

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About

Education

Education cvining Sat, 09/05/2009 - 13:26

Education

1983:                       Postdoctoral Fellow, Ames Laboratory‑US Department of Energy, Ames, Iowa.

                                Acting group leader for a group of five graduate students and one technician. 

1983:                       Ph.D. (Solid State Physics), Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa.

“Superconductivity and Long Range Magnetic Order in Ternary Rare‑Earth Iron Silicides.” Major professor: Dr. R. N. Shelton

1980‑1983:              Research Assistant, Ames Laboratory‑US Department of Energy, Ames, Iowa.

Superconductivity and magnetism in novel materials.  Preparation of novel superconducting, semiconducting and magnetically ordered materials including ternary rare‑earth borides and silicides.  X‑ray diffraction and metallographic characterization. Superconducting and magnetic transition temperature determinations using magnetic susceptibility, electrical resistivity and heat capacity measurements.  High pressure measurements using piston (25 kbar) and diamond  anvil cells.  Construction of calorimeter for 0.3 K to 25 K.

1978‑1980:              Teaching Assistant, Department of Physics, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa.

1974‑1978:              B. S. (Physics), Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, Virginia.

Undergraduate research on microwave spectroscopy and construction of a simple mass spectrometer.

1971‑1974:              W. T. Woodson High School, Fairfax County, Virginia.

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About

Honors, Awards and Society Activities

Honors, Awards and Society Activities cvining Sat, 09/05/2009 - 13:30

Honors, Awards and Society Activities

2007                        Doctor Honoris Causa, Odessa State Academy of Refrigeration, Odessa, Ukraine

1997                        Elected Full Member of the International Academy of Refrigeration, Section of Thermoelectric Cooling and Materials, St. Petersburg, Russia (the first US member)

1995                        Elected Academician in the International Thermoelectric Academy, Chernovtsy, Ukraine

1994-1995               President of the International Thermoelectric Society

1991-1994               Editor of the International Thermoelectric Society Newsletter

1990                        Elected to the Board of Directors of the International Thermoelectric Society

1990                        Best Technical Paper Award at the IX International Conference on Thermoelectrics, March 19-21, 1990, Pasadena, California

1986                        General Manager's Honors Award, General Electric Space Division

1983                        G. W. Fox Memorial Award (Outstanding Research Assistant) Physics Department, Iowa State University, Ames Iowa

1981                        Member of the American Physical Society   (membership lapsed)

1980                        Richard G. Patrick Award (Outstanding Teaching Assistant), Physics Department, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 

1979                        Member of Mensa (membership lapsed)

1977                        Member of Sigma Pi Sigma  (membership lapsed)

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About

Conference Organizing and Advisory Committees

Conference Organizing and Advisory Committees cvining Sat, 09/05/2009 - 13:57

Conference Organizing and Advisory Committees

  1. IX International Conference on Thermoelectrics (USA), Pasadena, California, March 19-21, 1990.
  2. Modern Perspectives on Thermoelectrics and Related Materials, Materials Research Society Symposium, Anaheim, California, May 1-2, 1991.
  3. XI International Conference on Thermoelectrics, Arlington, Texas, October 7-9, 1992.
  4. XII International Conference on Thermoelectrics, Yokohama, Japan, November 9-11, 1993.
  5. XIII International Conference on Thermoelectrics, Kansas City, Missouri, August 30-September 1, 1994.
  6. XIV International Conference on Thermoelectrics, St. Petersburg, Russia, June 27-29, 1995.
  7. XVI International Conference on Thermoelectrics, Dresden, Germany, August 26-29, 1997.
  8. XVII International Conference on Thermoelectrics, Nagoya, Japan, May 25-28, 1998.
  9. XVIII International Conference on Thermoelectrics, Baltimore, Maryland, USA, August 29-September 2, 1999.
  10. 5th European Workshop on Thermoelectrics, Pardubice, Czech Republic, September 20-21, 1999
  11. XX International Conference on Thermoelectrics, Beijing, P. R. China, June 8-11, 2001.
  12. Next Generation Thermal Management Materials and Systems, Dallas, Texas, October 28-30, 2002.  Conference Co-chair.
  13. XXIII International Conference on Thermoelectrics, Adelaide, Australia, July 25-29, 2004.
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About

Vining Invited Publications

Vining Invited Publications cvining Sat, 03/19/2022 - 19:36

Invited

Reference type:

Journal Article

Get PDF Get PDF Citation Links
1
Vining, Cronin B. “An Inconvenient Truth About Thermoelectrics”. Nature Materials 8 (2009): 83-85, . https://doi.org/10.1038/nmat2361.
4
Vining, Cronin B. “Materials Science: Desperately Seeking Silicon”. Nature 451 (2008): 132-133, . https://doi.org/10.1038/451132a.
5
Vining, Cronin B. “Materials Science: Half-Full Glasses”. Nature Materials 7 (2008): 765-766, . https://doi.org/10.1038/nmat2271.
10
Vining, Cronin B. “Thermopower To The People”. Nature 423 (2003): 391-392, . https://doi.org/10.1038/423391a.
12
Vining, Cronin B. “Semiconductors Are Cool”. Nature 413 (2001): 577-578, . https://doi.org/10.1038/35098159.
Reference type:

Presentation

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2
Vining, Cronin B. “Climate Crisis & Science Priorities: A Case Study On Thermoelectric Technology ,20090610 ”, 20090610. Reprint, Universtity of Rochester, Rochester, NY, 2009. https://cvining.com/system/files/articles/vining/presentations/20090610-Rochester.pdf.
8
Vining, Cronin B. “Thermocouples: Boltzmann, Beer And Jupiter”, 2005///. Reprint, Santa Cruz, California, USA, 2005. https://cvining.com/system/files/articles/vining/presentations/20050809-Boltzmann-SantaCruz.pdf.
9
Vining, Cronin B. “Short Course On The Abcs Of Thermoelectrics”, 2004/06/23/24. Reprint, NASA Glenn Research Center, Cleveland, Ohio, 2004. http://cvining.com/system/files/articles/vining/presentations/20040609-ABCs-of-TE.pdf.
15
Vining, Cronin B. “Solid State Energy Conversion”, 1998/10/07/. Reprint, Department of Physics Colloquium, Auburn University, Auburn, Alabama, 1998. http://cvining.com/system/files/articles/vining/presentations/p981007-Auburn.ppt.
17
Vining, Cronin B. “Thermoelectricity: Recent Trends And Open Questions”, 1997/01/27/. Reprint, University of Illinois, Champaign-Urbana, Illinois, 1997.
19
Vining, Cronin B. “Thermoelectric Technology And The Role Of Ceramics”, 1995/01/19/. Reprint, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan, 1995.
21
Vining, Cronin B. “Perspectives On Thermoelectric Materials Research In The Usa, 19950127”, 19950127. Reprint, Ube, Japan, 1995. http://cvining.com/system/files/articles/vining/presentations/Vining-Ube-1995.pdf.
22
Vining, Cronin B. “Thermoelectric Materials Of The Future (Komatsu)”, 1995/01/13/. Reprint, Komatsu Electronics, Inc., Kanagawaken, Japan, 1995.
23
Vining, Cronin B. “Thermoelectric Materials Of The Future (Mec)”, 1995/02/01/. Reprint, Industries Ltd, MEC Laboratory, Tsukuba-shi, Ibaraki, Japan, 1995.
24
Vining, Cronin B. “The Thermoelectric Car: Challenges And Opportunities”, 1995/01/18/. Reprint, Toyota Central R&D Laboratories, Inc., Nagakute, Aichi, Japan, 1995.
Reference type:

Report

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3
Vining, Cronin B. “The Limited Role For Thermoelectrics In The Climate Crisis”. Nanotechnology And New Materials, 2008/05/01/. Reprint, New York, New York, 2008. http://cvining.com/system/files/articles/vining/presentations/20080501-Summit-Vining-final.pdf.
Reference type:

Conference Proceedings

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6
Vining, Cronin B. “Zt ~ 3.5: Fifteen Years Of Progress And Things To Come”. European Conference On Thermoelectrics, Ect2007, Available At Http://Ect2007.Thermion-Company.com/Ect2007.Its.org/System/Files/U1/Pdf/02.Pdf, 2007. http://cvining.com/system/files/articles/vining/Vining-ECT-2007.pdf.
11
Vining, Cronin B. “Highlights From The 2002 International Conference On Thermoelectrics”. 7Th European Workshop On Thermoelectrics, 10/2002AD. Reprint, Pamplona, Spain: Unpublished , 2002. http://cvining.com/system/files/articles/vining/presentations/Vining-EWT-2002.pdf.
13
Vining, Cronin B. “Summarry Report On Ict'99 - The 18Th International Conference On Thermoelectrics”. Fifth European Workshop On Thermoelectrics, 19990920-21, 09/1999AD. Reprint, Unpublished, 1999. https://cvining.com/system/files/articles/vining/Vining-ETS99-Pardubice-1999.pdf.
14
Vining, Cronin B. “Present Status And Future Prospects For Thermoelectric Conversion”. International Symposium On Environment-Conscious Advanced Energy And Informative Materials Processing, 1998.
16
Vining, Cronin B. “The Thermoelectric Process”. Materials Research Society Symposium Proceedings: Thermoelectric Materials - New Directions And Approaches, 1997///. Reprint, Mater. Res. Soc., 1997. http://cvining.com/system/files/articles/vining/vining-MRS478-1997.pdf.
18
Vining, Cronin B. “Thermoelectric Technology Of Today And Tomorrow (Tokyo)”. The New Energies Symposium, 1995. http://cvining.com/system/files/articles/vining/Vining-NewEnergiesSymp-1993.pdf.
Reference type:

Book Chapter

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7
Vining, Cronin B., D. M. Rowe, J. G. Stockholm, and K. R. Rao. “History Of The International Thermoelectric Society”. In Thermoelectrics Handbook: Macro To Nano, 1:7, A1+, 2005///. Reprint, Boca Raton, FL USA: CRC Press, 2005. http://cvining.com/system/files/articles/vining/Vining-CRC-Handbook-2005-proof.pdf.
20
Vining, Cronin B. “Thermoelectric Properties Of Silicides”. In Crc Handbook Of Thermoelectrics, 277-286, , 1995///. Reprint, London: CRC Press, 1995. http://cvining.com/system/files/articles/vining/Vining-CRC-1995.pdf.
25
Vining, Cronin B. “Silicon Germanium”. In Crc Handbook Of Thermoelectrics, 329-338, , 1995///. Reprint, London: CRC Press, 1995. http://cvining.com/system/files/articles/vining/CRCSIGE.pdf.

Vining Publications

Vining Publications cvining Sat, 03/19/2022 - 19:42

Vining Publications

Counter Citation Links
1
Allred, D. D., Cronin B. Vining, and G. Slack. Materials Research Society Symposium: Modern Perspectives On Thermoelectrics And Related Materials. Vol. 234, 1991///. Reprint, Pittsburg, Pennsylvania: Materials Research Society, 1991. http://cvining.com/system/files/articles/vining/Vining-MRS-SympOrganizer-1991.pdf.
2
Vining, Cronin B. Proceedings Of The Ix International Conference On Thermoelectrics (Ict90). Vol. (Internal Document number JPL-D7749)., 1990///. Reprint, Books Edited: Jet Propulsion Laboratory, Pasadena, CA, 1990.
3
Vining, Cronin B., D. M. Rowe, J. G. Stockholm, and K. R. Rao. “History Of The International Thermoelectric Society”. In Thermoelectrics Handbook: Macro To Nano, 1:7, A1+, 2005///. Reprint, Boca Raton, FL USA: CRC Press, 2005. http://cvining.com/system/files/articles/vining/Vining-CRC-Handbook-2005-proof.pdf.
4
Vining, Cronin B. “Thermoelectric Properties Of Silicides”. In Crc Handbook Of Thermoelectrics, 277-286, , 1995///. Reprint, London: CRC Press, 1995. http://cvining.com/system/files/articles/vining/Vining-CRC-1995.pdf.
5
Vining, Cronin B. “Silicon Germanium”. In Crc Handbook Of Thermoelectrics, 329-338, , 1995///. Reprint, London: CRC Press, 1995. http://cvining.com/system/files/articles/vining/CRCSIGE.pdf.
6
Vining, Cronin B. “Structure Of Insulators”. In Encyclopedia Of Applied Physics, 8:85-102, New York: VHS Publishers, 1994. http://cvining.com/system/files/articles/vining/vining-EncyAppPhys-1994a.pdf.
7
Vandersande, J. W., Jean-Pierre Fleurial, Cronin B. Vining, J. Beaty, J. Rolfe, and P. G. Klemens. “Phonon Scattering By Ultrafine Particulates In Sige Alloys At High Temperatures”. In Phonon Scattering In Condensed Matter Vii, 112:44-45, , 1993///. Reprint, Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer-Verlag, 1993. http://cvining.com/system/files/articles/vining/Vandersande-PhononScat-1993.pdf.
8
Vining, Cronin B. “Lecture 2: Thermoelectric Fundamentals And Physical Phenomena”. In Sct-93 Short Course On Thermoelectrics, 1993///. Reprint, Yokohama-shi, Japan: International Thermoelectric Society, 1993. http://cvining.com/system/files/articles/vining/Vining-ShortCourseTE-1993.pdf.
9
Vining, Cronin B. “The Thermoelectric Limit Zt~1: Fact Or Artifact”. In Proceedings Of The 1992 1St National Thermogenic Cooler Conference, 26-29, , 1992///. Reprint, Fort Belvoir, VA: Center for Night Vision and Electro-Optics (unpublished), 1992.
10
Vining, Cronin B. “A Model For The Thermoelectric Properties Of N-Type Silicon-Germanium Alloys”. In Proceedings Of The Seventh Symposium On Space Nuclear Power Systems (Conf-900109)., 1:8, 224+, 1990///. Reprint, Albuquerque, NM, USA: Univ. New Mexico, 1990.
11
Vining, Cronin B. “Approximation Of The Transport Integrals With Applications To Silicon Germanium”. In Proceedings Of The Fifth Working Group Meeting On Thermoelectrics, Vol. JPL D-3120, 1986///. Reprint, DARPA/TIO, 1986.
12
Vining, Cronin B. “P Type Rare Earth Chalcogenides”. In Proceedings Of The Fourth Working Group Meeting On Thermoelectrics, Vol. JPL D 2186, 1985///. Reprint, DARPA/TIO, 1985.
13
Miller, S. A., E. Feingold, and Cronin B. Vining. “Application Of Gas Atomized Powder For Improved Thermoelectric Devices”. In Modern Developments In Powder Metallurgy, 17:671-682, , 1984///. Reprint, Princeton, NJ, USA: Metal Powder Industries Federation, 1984.
14
Gschneidner, K. A., K. Ikeda, Y.-C. Yeh, B. J. Beaudry, O. D. McMasters, Cronin B. Vining, and R. N. Shelton. “Lattice Instability (Bcctetrag. Transition) And Superconductivity In La3S4 Base Materials (X=S, Se)”. In Superconductivity In D- And F-Band Metals, 431-434, , 1982///. Reprint, Karlsruhe, FRG: Kernforshungszentrum, 1982. http://cvining.com/system/files/articles/vining/Gschneidner-Super-dnf-1982.pdf.
15
Vining, Cronin B., and R. N. Shelton. “Pressure Dependence Of The Superconducting Transition Temperature Of (Th1-XYX)Rh4B4”. In Ternary Superconductors. Proceedings Of The International Conference, 92, 189+, 1981///. Reprint, Amsterdam, Netherlands: North-Hollandm, 1981. http://cvining.com/system/files/articles/vining/Vining-TernarySuper-1981.pdf.
16
Vining, Cronin B., and G. L. Bennett. “Power For Science And Exploration: Upgrading The General-Purpose Heat Source Radioisotope Thermoelectric Generator (Gphs-Rtg)”. 46Th Aiaa/Asme/Sae/Asee Joint Propulsion Conference & Exhibit, 25 - 28 July 2010, Nashville, Tn, 07/2010AD. Reprint, AIAA, 2010. https://cvining.com/system/files/articles/vining/Vining-JointPropulsionConference-2010.pdf.
17
Vining, Cronin B. “Zt ~ 3.5: Fifteen Years Of Progress And Things To Come”. European Conference On Thermoelectrics, Ect2007, Available At Http://Ect2007.Thermion-Company.com/Ect2007.Its.org/System/Files/U1/Pdf/02.Pdf, 2007. http://cvining.com/system/files/articles/vining/Vining-ECT-2007.pdf.
18
Vining, Cronin B. “Highlights From The 2002 International Conference On Thermoelectrics”. 7Th European Workshop On Thermoelectrics, 10/2002AD. Reprint, Pamplona, Spain: Unpublished , 2002. http://cvining.com/system/files/articles/vining/presentations/Vining-EWT-2002.pdf.
19
Davis, P. S., Peter A. Barnes, Cronin B. Vining, A. L. Pope, B. Schneidmiller, T. M. Tritt, and J. Kolis. “High Temperature Thermal Conductivity Measurements Of Quasicrystalline Al70.8Pd20.9Mn8.3”, 2001. Reprint, Mater. Res. Soc, 2001. http://cvining.com/system/files/articles/vining/Vining-MRSSymp626-2000.pdf.
20
HENRION, W., M. REBIEN, A. G. BIRDWELL, S. COLLINS, R. GLOSSER, and Cronin B. Vining. “Optical Characterization Of Ru2Si3”. Silicides: Fundamentals And Applications - Proceedings Of The 16Th Course Of The International School Of Solid State Physics, Erice, Italy, 2000.
21
Ulrich, M. D., Peter A. Barnes, and Cronin B. Vining. “Upper Limitation To The Performance Of Single-Barrier Thermionic Emission Cooling”. Thermoelectric Materials 2000 - The Next Generation Materials For Small-Scale Refrigeration And Power Generation Applications (Materials Research Society Symposium Proceedings Vol.626), 2000///. Reprint, Mater. Res. Soc., Warrendale, PA, USA., 2000. http://cvining.com/system/files/articles/vining/Ulrich-MRS626-2000.pdf.
22
Vining, Cronin B. “Summarry Report On Ict'99 - The 18Th International Conference On Thermoelectrics”. Fifth European Workshop On Thermoelectrics, 19990920-21, 09/1999AD. Reprint, Unpublished, 1999. https://cvining.com/system/files/articles/vining/Vining-ETS99-Pardubice-1999.pdf.
23
Vining, Cronin B. “Thermoelectric Measurements On Multi-Layer Thin Films”. Bulletin Of The American Physical Society, 1999.
24
Vining, Cronin B. “Present Status And Future Prospects For Thermoelectric Conversion”. International Symposium On Environment-Conscious Advanced Energy And Informative Materials Processing, 1998.
25
Ohsugi, I. J., T. Kojima, Cronin B. Vining, M. Sakata, and I. A. Nishida. “Crystal Structure And Magnetic Susceptibility Of A Ru2Si3 Single Crystal”. Seventeenth International Conference On Thermoelectrics. Proceedings Ict98 (Cat. No.98Th8365), 1998///. Reprint, IEEE, Piscataway, NJ, USA, 1998. http://cvining.com/system/files/articles/vining/Ohsugi-ICT-1998.pdf.

Vining Citations in the Press

Vining Citations in the Press cvining Sat, 03/19/2022 - 20:06

Vining Citations In The Press

Counter Type Citation Links
1 Magazine Article
Gorman, J. “A New Cool”. Science News, 2003. http://cvining.com/system/files/articles/vining/Press/Gorman-ScienceNews-20030505.pdf.
2 Magazine Article
Mason, J. “Power Chips: Flipside Of Cooling Device Could Turn Heat Into Juice”. Small Times, 2002. http://cvining.com/system/files/articles/vining/Press/Mason-SmallTimes.-20021024.pdf.
3 Magazine Article
Voss, David. “Thermoelectric Materials”. Technology Review, 2002. http://cvining.com/system/files/articles/vining/Press/Voss-TechnologyReveiw-2002.pdf.
4 Journal Article
Weiss, Peter. “Cooling Film Tempers Tiny Hot Spots”. Science News 160 (2001): 280+. http://cvining.com/system/files/articles/vining/Press/ScienceNews-20011103.pdf.
5 Miscellaneous
Harris, Richard. “Small Fridge”. Small Fridge, 2001///. Reprint, NPR, 2001. http://www.npr.org/templates/story/story.php?storyId=1131254.
6 Newspaper Article
Wasowicz, Lidia. “Tiny Materials Have Big Possibilities”. United Press International, Upi, 2001. http://www.upi.com/Science_News/2001/10/10/Tiny-materials-have-big-possibilities/UPI-82311002745661/.
7 Magazine Article
Wu, C. “A Silent Cool”. Science News, 1997. http://cvining.com/system/files/articles/vining/Press/Wu-ScienceNews-1997.pdf.
8 Film
Evening Television Broadcast News - Vining In Ube, 1995/01/24/. Reprint, Ube City, Yamaguchi, Japan, 1995.

Websites

Websites cvining Sat, 09/05/2009 - 14:27

 

 

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